{"id":9165,"date":"2026-06-25T12:27:54","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T12:27:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nuevo-renacer.com\/?page_id=9165"},"modified":"2026-06-25T12:32:25","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T12:32:25","slug":"giovanna-ermelinda-gazzera","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nuevo-renacer.com\/tr\/giovanna-ermelinda-gazzera\/","title":{"rendered":"Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera (Roma, \u0130talya, 26 A\u011fustos 1890 - S\u00e3o Paulo, Brezilya, 24 Kas\u0131m 1942), \u00f6zellikle Ruhlar\u0131n materyalizasyonu fenomenleri olmak \u00fczere fiziksel etkili medyumluk alan\u0131nda tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir medyumdu. XX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, onun arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen tezah\u00fcrlerin doruk noktas\u0131nda, medyumik yetenekleri Enrico Imoda, Cesare Lombroso ve Charles Richet gibi \u00f6nemli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan incelenmi\u015f ve do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Onun ad\u0131, spirit\u00fcalist ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ve di\u011fer ruh\u00e7ular taraf\u0131ndan Modern Spirit\u00fcalizmin \u00f6nc\u00fc medyumlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki en \u00f6nemli isimlerden biri olarak hat\u0131rlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera, XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonunda \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkentinde do\u011fdu; o d\u00f6nemde, D\u00f6nen Masalar, modern spirit\u00fcalizm ve Spiritizm\u2019in ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ruhsal fenomenoloji hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fmalar h\u00e2l\u00e2 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir canl\u0131l\u0131kla s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Daha gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131nda belirgin medyumlu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve \u00fcnl\u00fc psi\u015fik ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekti; on sekiz ya\u015f\u0131ndayken Linda Gazzera, bu ruhsal fenomenleri uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r ciddi bi\u00e7imde ara\u015ft\u0131ran \u0130talyan doktor ve fizik\u00e7i Dr. Enrico Imoda taraf\u0131ndan incelenmek \u00fczere Torino\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu \u00f6zel ara\u015ft\u0131rma, 1908 ile 1911 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, \u0130talyan prensesi Ruspoli Markizi\u2019nin himayesinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Markiz, kendi evini bir dizi seans i\u00e7in tahsis etti \u2014 kendisi de aktif olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131 \u2014 ve ama\u00e7, bu gen\u00e7 medyumun yetene\u011fi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan inan\u0131lmaz ektoplazmik tezah\u00fcrlerin foto\u011frafik kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmekti. Prensesin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 durumlarda toplant\u0131lar dul Coggiola\u2019n\u0131n (Bayan Marguerita Borghino) evinde veya spirit\u00fcalizm \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6zverili Frans\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Bay Raimondo Demaison\u2019un evinde d\u00fczenlendi (kendisi daha sonra Linda Gazzera\u2019n\u0131n e\u015fi olacakt\u0131). Bu s\u0131rada gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n, medyumlu\u011funun ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcnl\u00fc Frans\u0131z doktoru ve Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi Charles Richet taraf\u0131ndan ki\u015fisel olarak incelenmesi i\u00e7in Paris\u2019e gitti; Richet onu 1909 y\u0131l\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k on iki seans boyunca s\u0131nad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera ve Dr. Enrico Imoda.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u00dclkesine d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra Linda, Dr. Imoda ve onun se\u00e7kin ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 \u00e7evresi taraf\u0131ndan incelenmeye devam etti. 1909 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunda doktor, ciddi bir hastal\u0131k nedeniyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131 ve seanslar\u0131n y\u00f6netimini Bay Demaison\u2019a b\u0131rakt\u0131. Ancak Dr. Imoda sonunda 1912\u2019de hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 daha sonra ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 meslekta\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan derlendi ve Charles Richet\u2019nin \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcyle \u0130talyanca olarak Fratelli Bocca Yay\u0131nevi taraf\u0131ndan Fotografie di Fantasmi adl\u0131 kitapta yay\u0131mland\u0131. Kitab\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere eser, gen\u00e7 \u0130talyan medyumun aktif h\u00e2lde bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada \u00e7ekilmi\u015f ve ak\u0131\u015fkan varl\u0131klar\u0131n bedenle\u015fmesini g\u00f6steren bir\u00e7ok foto\u011frafla zenginle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Medyum Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera ile ruhsal maddele\u015fme.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Dr. Imoda, medyumik deneyler s\u0131ras\u0131nda Linda Gazzera ile ilgili \u015fu \u00f6zellikleri aktard\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOnun \u2018trans\u2019 h\u00e2li (yani medyumik uykusu) iki de\u011ferli ayr\u0131cal\u0131\u011fa sahiptir: medyum ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir kolayl\u0131k ve h\u0131zla uykuya dalar; birka\u00e7 dakika i\u00e7inde bilin\u00e7li medyumik somnambulizm durumuna ula\u015f\u0131r ve seans\u0131n sonunda, ayn\u0131 h\u0131zla, g\u00f6zlerine hafif\u00e7e \u00fcflenmesi ve isminin al\u00e7ak sesle s\u00f6ylenmesiyle aniden uyan\u0131r ve hemen tam bilin\u00e7 h\u00e2line d\u00f6ner. [...].<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cEn iyi ko\u015fullar\u0131nda \u2018trans\u2019 sakindir: medyum mutlu, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya ka\u00e7madan ne\u015feli, \u00e7ok nazik ve sevecendir; sesi a\u00e7\u0131k ve sakindir, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 fenomenleri desteklemek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l davranmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, hangi \u00f6nlemleri almalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vb. konularda uyar\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAncak seanstan \u00f6nceki saatlerde tart\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6fke veya korku hissetmi\u015fse ya da toplant\u0131da ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ki\u015fi bulunuyorsa; veya k\u0131sacas\u0131, uyku s\u0131ras\u0131nda bilin\u00e7alt\u0131 herhangi bir tutkuyla \u00e7alkalan\u0131yorsa; ya da midesi h\u00e2l\u00e2 sindirim faaliyeti i\u00e7indeyse, medyumun davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve seanslar\u0131n niteli\u011fi tamamen de\u011fi\u015fir. \u2018Bu durumda medyumik g\u00fc\u00e7 fiziksel a\u00e7\u0131dan daha da enerjik olur. Mobilyalar\u0131 sarsan korkun\u00e7 darbeler, sanki bir \u00e7eki\u00e7le vurulmu\u015f gibi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Medyum terler, a\u011f\u0131r nefes al\u0131r, titrer, hareketlenir, k\u0131vran\u0131r: medyumik ki\u015filik karakter de\u011fi\u015ftirir ve \u015fiddetli, kaba bir davran\u0131\u015f sergiler.\u2019\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Richet ise Linda Gazzera ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n bir \u00f6zetini haz\u0131rlad\u0131 ve onun ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yeteneklerini 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan Thirty Years of Psychical Research (\u201cOtuz Y\u0131ll\u0131k Psi\u015fik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u201d) adl\u0131 eserinde kaydetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medyum, spirit\u00fcalist ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarla ilgilenen ba\u015fka bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n da inceleme konusu olmaya devam etti; bunlar aras\u0131nda, bu fenomenlerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini de kabul eden kriminal t\u0131p uzman\u0131 Cesare Lombroso bulunuyordu. Bay Demaison taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen seanslar s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Linda\u2019dan kaynaklanan ak\u0131\u015fkan olu\u015fumlar ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir parlakl\u0131k g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k ihtimaline dair t\u00fcm varsay\u0131mlar\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Kariyeri boyunca en bilinen materyalizasyonlar\u0131, kendisini \u201cVincenzo\u201d olarak tan\u0131tan bir s\u00fcvari subay\u0131 ve \u201cCarlotta\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanan d\u00f6rt ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fuydu. Jos\u00e9 Herculano Pires \u2014 makalelerini Hermano Saulo takma ad\u0131yla imzalard\u0131 \u2014 Di\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Paulo gazetesindeki k\u00f6\u015fesinde gen\u00e7 \u0130talyan medyumun yeteneklerini \u201cMateryalizasyon Fenomeni\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda vurgulad\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBayan Linda Gazzera, \u0131\u015f\u0131k s\u00f6ner s\u00f6nmez fiziksel fenomenleri ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir h\u0131zla meydana getirebilen ilgin\u00e7 bir medyumlu\u011fa sahipti. Seanslara kat\u0131lan Frans\u0131z deneyci Guillaume de Fontenay, fenomenlerin bir dakikadan k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yo\u011fun ve \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledi. Ancak medyum \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa dayanam\u0131yordu ve ruhsal rehberi Vincenzo her zaman \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma odas\u0131nda tamamen karanl\u0131k olmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu. Fontenay, medyumun bu \u0131\u015f\u0131k hassasiyetinin zamanla a\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Her durumda, Imoda taraf\u0131ndan ve daha sonra Richet taraf\u0131ndan Linda Gazzera ile elde edilen fenomenler, onun medyumik yeteneklerinin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Linda Gazzera\u2019n\u0131n medyumik olaylar\u0131, Brezilyal\u0131 di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck Spiritist ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Corn\u00e9lio Pires taraf\u0131ndan da vurguland\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130talya\u2019da Dr. Imoda taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilen Bayan Gazzera adl\u0131 medyum, Ruhlar\u0131n en dikkate de\u011fer materyalizasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi ve \u00f6n yarg\u0131s\u0131z bir \u015fekilde ara\u015ft\u0131ran t\u00fcm inan\u00e7s\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n yenilece\u011fi gibi, b\u00fcy\u00fck Crookes\u2019un da yenildi\u011fi Ruh\u00e7u Ger\u00e7ekler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sert ve titiz bir bilgin olan Prof. Richet\u2019nin kanaatlerinin g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine derinden katk\u0131da bulundu.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Medyum Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera ile ruhsal maddele\u015fme.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Linda, y\u0131llarca psi\u015fik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara kat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in medyumlu\u011funu sundu\u011fu spirit\u00fcalist ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lardan biri olan Raymond Victor Demaison ile evlendi. Evlilikten sonra \u00e7ift, Kanada\u2019n\u0131n Winnipeg kentine yerle\u015fti ve burada tek \u00e7ocu\u011fu d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Sonunda S\u00e3o Paulo, Brezilya\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve burada ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131; bedeni, Brezilya ba\u015fkentinin Pinheiros semtindeki S\u00e3o Paulo Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na defnedildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Linda Gazzera, kendi vatanda\u015f\u0131 Eusapia Palladino da dahil olmak \u00fczere, fiziksel etkili tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f medyumlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bir nesil i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131. D\u00f6nen Masalar d\u00f6neminin tipik uygulamas\u0131 olan t\u0131poloji seanslar\u0131n\u0131 deneyimledi, ancak ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetenekleri sayesinde k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede daha geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fcretim a\u015famalar\u0131na ge\u00e7ti. Bu d\u00f6nem, \u015f\u00fcpheciler, materyalistler ve maneviyattan etkilenen ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda yo\u011fun tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdi; Linda Gazzera gibi medyumlar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Ruh materyalizasyonu t\u00fcr\u00fcndeki fenomenler, spirit\u00fcalist inan\u00e7lar\u0131n desteklenmesinde temel bir rol oynad\u0131. Ruhlar\u0131n kendilerinin tezah\u00fcr etmesi gerekiyordu \u2014 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde \u2014 b\u00f6ylece materyalistlerin duyular\u0131na ve gururlar\u0131na dokunarak ruhsal d\u00fcnyan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ruhun \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koyuyordu. Bu \u201cmaddi tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u201d deste\u011fiyle Ruhlar\u0131n felsefi fikirleri, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ahlaki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm planlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilir \u2014 bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zeti Allan Kardec taraf\u0131ndan kodifiye edilen Spiritist Doktrinin temel kavramlar\u0131nda bulunur.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera ile oturum.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Bu nedenle Linda Gazzera\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131, hizmetlerini ortak iyili\u011fe adam\u0131\u015f ve sonsuza kadar Spiritizme katk\u0131da bulunan ki\u015filer olarak hat\u0131rlanacak b\u00fcy\u00fck medyumlar galerisi i\u00e7inde hak etti\u011fi yere sahiptir.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera (Roma, Italia, 26 de agosto de 1890 – S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil, 24 de noviembre de 1942) fue una reconocida m\u00e9dium de efectos f\u00edsicos, especialmente de fen\u00f3menos de materializaci\u00f3n de Esp\u00edritus. En el auge de las manifestaciones que se produc\u00edan por su intermedio, a comienzos del siglo XX, sus capacidades […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9165","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nGiovanna Ermelinda Gazzera - Uni\u00f3n Esp\u00edrita<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nuevo-renacer.com\/tr\/giovanna-ermelinda-gazzera\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera Giovanna Ermelinda Gazzera (Roma, Italia, 26 de agosto de 1890 – S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil, 24 de noviembre de 1942) fue una reconocida m\u00e9dium de efectos f\u00edsicos, especialmente de fen\u00f3menos de materializaci\u00f3n de Esp\u00edritus. 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