{"id":5456,"date":"2024-10-10T08:21:37","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T08:21:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nuevo-renacer.com\/?page_id=5456"},"modified":"2024-10-10T08:36:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-10T08:36:18","slug":"historia-del-espiritismo-en-finlandia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nuevo-renacer.com\/tr\/historia-del-espiritismo-en-finlandia\/","title":{"rendered":"Finlandiya'da Ruh\u00e7ulu\u011fun Tarihi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Finlandiya'da Ruh\u00e7ulu\u011fun Tarihi<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc olaylar\u0131n hayalet hikayeleri veya olaylar\u0131 da folklorun ve anlat\u0131 gelene\u011finin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Hayaletlerle ilgili hikayeler her zaman k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak spesifik bir \u015fekilde anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar aras\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fclerin hayaletleri, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde ha\u00e7lar, \u00e7arpmalar, \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131raklar ve meleklerin hayaletleri bulunur. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmler, onlar\u0131 ind\u00fckleme giri\u015fiminden kaynaklanmayan kendili\u011finden fenomenler olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131. Spirit\u00fcalist harekete kadar de\u011fildi modern spirit\u00fcalizm amerikan modern, ruh d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 bir fenomen olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131, kiliselerde ve di\u011fer \u00f6rg\u00fctlerde \u00f6rg\u00fctlendi ve kendi felsefesini form\u00fcle etti. maneviyat\u00e7\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu sadece ruh d\u00f6v\u00fcc\u00fcleri de\u011fil, do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc olaylar\u0131n belirli bir yorumuydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaten ON DOKUZUNCU y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, resimli ve yazar Jaakko Juteini (1781-1855) do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc fenomen olarak kabul edilen \u015feyi bu kadar do\u011fal bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Ona g\u00f6re, b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici veya do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bir fenomen, onu ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in daha fazla \u00e7aba sarf edilirse do\u011fal olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Genel olarak, hayalet olgusu olumsuz olarak kabul edildi. \u00d6len ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, daha sonra g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi yeterince yayg\u0131n bir deneyimdir. Bug\u00fcn, anormal deneyimler \u00e7ok fazla mistisizm olmadan yorumlan\u0131yor ve hatta insanlara sahip olma e\u011filiminde olan normal deneyimler olarak kabul ediliyor. Damgalanma anlat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 korkutabilse de bu deneyimler bildirilebilir. Spirit\u00fcalizm modern, b\u00fcy\u00fc olgusunu kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve daha \u00f6nce a\u00e7\u0131klanamayan b\u00fcy\u00fc ve b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck deneyimlerini benimsemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Jaakko Juteini.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Spirit\u00fcalizmin tarihsel k\u00f6kleri Fince \u0130sve\u00e7-Finlandiya, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta bulunur. Zaman\u0131nda tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f mistik ve \u0130sve\u00e7li do\u011fa bilimcisi Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772), bir ya\u015fam\u0131n di\u011ferine yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yordu. Swedenborg'un vizyonlar\u0131nda, cennetin s\u0131rlar\u0131 g\u00f6zlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131: Melekler ba\u015fka d\u00fczlemlerde \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131nd\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 geli\u015fim a\u015famalar\u0131ndaki ruhlar ba\u015fka bir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini ya\u015fad\u0131. Di\u011fer ger\u00e7eklik, en az\u0131ndan teorik olarak, bilincin do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc ve anormal durumunun bu vizyonlar\u0131nda alg\u0131lanabilirdi. Swedenborg'un yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, Harikalar\u0131 ve Cehennemi 1758'de Londra'da Latince olarak yay\u0131nland\u0131. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra ingilizceye \u00e7evrildi ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da okuyucuya ula\u015ft\u0131, bu da Swedenborg'un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde en \u00e7ok okunan eser haline getirdi. Swedenborg, kitaplar\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcmden sonraki ya\u015fam vizyonlar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Bununla birlikte, Swedenborglular veya Swedenborg'un takip\u00e7ileri, vahyin s\u00fcrekli oldu\u011funa inanan maneviyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n aksine, daha fazla vahiy olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Emanuel Swedenborg.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Swedenborg kitaplar\u0131nda insan ruhu olan melekler hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131yor. Ona g\u00f6re, cennetin mutlulu\u011fu hareketsizli\u011fe de\u011fil, aktif bir hayata dayan\u0131r. Melek hayat\u0131, kom\u015funun iyili\u011fi i\u00e7in iyi i\u015fler yapmaktan ibarettir. Tanr\u0131 sadece \u00f6vg\u00fc ve te\u015fekk\u00fcr de\u011fil, iyi i\u015fler ister. Cennet ve cehennem, d\u00fcnyadaki ba\u015fkalar\u0131 i\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 insanlar i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 durumlard\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, say\u0131s\u0131z varyasyon ve derecelendirme vard\u0131r ve hi\u00e7bir cennet ve cehennem tam olarak ayn\u0131 veya dura\u011fan de\u011fildir. Ek olarak, Swedenborg'a g\u00f6re, insanlar derhal l\u00fctufla kurtar\u0131lamaz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o zaman cehennem olmazd\u0131. \u015e\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor: "bu nedenle, ilahiyat\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak, her \u015feyi hemen kurtarabilece\u011finizi ve kurtaramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6yleyin."Swedenborg'un Tanr\u0131s\u0131, kimsenin k\u0131nanmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, herkesin kurtulu\u015funu ister. Lutheranizm'de, Swedenborg'un bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 o zamanlar olduk\u00e7a radikaldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u00e7inde spiritist toplumlar Fin, spirit\u00fcalizm bir maneviyat doktrini olarak anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Bu evrensel bir ya\u015fam vizyonudur. Moderna spirit\u00fcalizminin Finlandiya'da 1940'larda, spirit\u00fcalist hareketin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fcz y\u0131l sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma \u015fekli enternasyonal. Finlandiya'da cemaat veya kilise yoktur maneviyat\u00e7\u0131lar, ancak alan, Toplumun yerel kesimlerinden ilki olan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z dernekler taraf\u0131ndan organize edilmektedir. Felsefe Finlandiya'da faaliyet g\u00f6steren, dokuzu Fince konu\u015fulan ve \u0130sve\u00e7\u00e7e konu\u015fulan spirit\u00fcalist dernekler, insan\u0131n geli\u015fimi ebedi olan bir ruh olarak kabul edildi\u011finden, \u00f6z\u00fc fiziksel \u00f6l\u00fcmden hemen sonra ya\u015fam\u0131n devam etti\u011fi inanc\u0131 olan yedi ilkeden olu\u015fur. Finlandiya'da hareket, Ulusal Maneviyat\u00e7\u0131lar Birli\u011fi (SNU) taraf\u0131ndan form\u00fcle edilen bir doktrin ilkelerini benimsedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde maneviyat ve ingiltere ve Fransa da dahil olmak \u00fczere Avrupa'ya yay\u0131ld\u0131. Ailenin bir \u00fcyesinin, genellikle gen\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n veya ailenin annesinin bir arac\u0131 olarak hareket etti\u011fi hanehalk\u0131 \u00e7evreleri olu\u015fturuldu. Bu \u015fekilde, kad\u0131n eylemine ve dini stat\u00fcs\u00fcne ve iddia edilen ruhlar \u00fczerindeki otoriteye verilir. Bununla birlikte, bu otorite yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc din felsefesini konu\u015fan ve hatta \u00f6\u011freten ruhlar olduklar\u0131na inan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Trans ve senaryo ortamlar\u0131 doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa giderek daha fazla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, uygulama y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131yla birlikte azald\u0131. D\u00fcnya sava\u015flar\u0131, insanlar sevdiklerinizle ileti\u015fim kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, Avrupa ve kuzey Amerika'daki maneviyat\u0131 yeniden canland\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u0130RM\u0130NC\u0130 y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, ingiliz fizik\u00e7i Sir Oliver Lodge (1851-1940) taraf\u0131ndan Raymond veya Mezar\u0131n \u00d6tesinden Meydan Okuma (1916, 1922'de \u00e7evrildi) kitab\u0131 olarak ingilizce baz\u0131 edebiyat maneviyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131.o\u011flu sava\u015fta \u00f6ld\u00fc ve uygulamas\u0131 maneviyat\u00e7\u0131. Y\u0130RM\u0130NC\u0130 y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, maneviyat yaln\u0131zca belirli bir grup insan i\u00e7in bir yas k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda t\u00fcm do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc i\u00e7in bir t\u00fcr genel terimdi. Seanslarda maneviyat\u00e7\u0131lar, ortamlar \u00f6l\u00fclerin dirilere veya ruhani varl\u0131klar\u0131n insanlara mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 iletir. Mesajlar\u0131n, iddia edilen el\u00e7inin jestlerini ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mlaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6len ki\u015finin hayat\u0131 ve detaylar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgiler i\u00e7erdi\u011fi s\u00f6yleniyor. Oturumlar maneviyat\u00e7\u0131lar yukar\u0131daki kitapta belgelendi Raymondveya Mezar\u0131n \u00d6tesinden R\u00f6portajlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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S\u00f6r Oliver Lodge.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Zaten 1909-1913'te Finlandiya'da, Toplumda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli maneviyat\u00e7\u0131lar vard\u0131. Maneviyat\u00e7\u0131 Fince. Toplum dergiden ilham ald\u0131 maneviyat\u00e7\u0131 Pull Kivi'nin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Finlandiya'n\u0131n ilk maneviyat\u00e7\u0131 hareketini kurdu. Spiritisti spirit\u00fcalizm ve psikolojik konularla ilgili bir dergi maneviyat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Di\u011fer \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra edit\u00f6r ve \u00e7eviri makalelerinde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ailenin ekonomik zorluklar\u0131, Kivi ve d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 yar\u0131da kesti. Juuso J\u00e4rvenp\u00e4\u00e4'ya g\u00f6re Kivi, Finlandiya'n\u0131n maneviyat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131. Spirit\u00fcalizm fikrini 1920'lerde \u0130ngiltere'den Finlandiya'ya getiren yazar ve \u00e7evirmen Helmi Krohn'du (1871-1967) ve Gerda Ryt ile birlikte Fin edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 yabanc\u0131 bir dile \u00e7evirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 zamanda, bu alan i\u00e7in bir kelime hazinesi geli\u015ftirdi. 1946'da Spirit of Helsinki \u015eirketini kuran Helmi Krohn. Toplum Maneviyat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Fince 1948'de kaydedildi. 1970'lerden itibaren Helsinki'den Rovaniemi'ye kadar yerel gruplar kurdu. Krohn, ileri ya\u015flara kadar maneviyatla ilgilenmiyordu. 1937'de Glasgow'da d\u00fczenlenen Spirit\u00fcalist Enternasyonal Kongresi'nde, Risto Ryti'nin (1940'tan 1944'e kadar Finlandiya Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131) e\u015fi Helmi Krohn ve Gerda Ryti'nin arkada\u015flar\u0131, d\u00fcnyada sizin i\u00e7in \u00e7ok de\u011ferli olan merhum ki\u015filerden mesajlar ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Helmi Krohn<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Gerda Ryti'nin<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Krohn, Turun Sanomat'a bu mesajlar\u0131n bir medyum ve onun manevi rehberi olan yolda\u015flar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla geldi\u011fini anlat\u0131r. Ortamlar genellikle trans halindeydi, haz\u0131rda bekletme durumundayd\u0131. Mesajlar\u0131n Fince olarak da al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ruh, Helmi Krohn'un g\u00f6z\u00fcnde de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Spirit\u00fcalizm alan\u0131nda Fince'ye yap\u0131lan ilk \u00e7eviri iki ciltlik kitapt\u0131 Yhteydess\u00e4 Yhteydess\u00e4 mit Geistimaailman (1937), Katolik bir rahip olan Johannes Greber'in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 spirit\u00fcalist ol. Greber deneyleri i\u00e7in Katolik Kilisesi'ndeki rahipli\u011finden vazge\u00e7mi\u015fti maneviyat\u00e7\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Johannes Greber.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Masalar\u0131n d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, hareket ettirildi\u011fi ve dans edildi\u011fi ve hatta bazen konu\u015ftu\u011fu, yani hafif\u00e7e dokunuldu\u011funda onlar\u0131 yenecek kadar ak\u0131ll\u0131 mesajlar iletti\u011fi masan\u0131n dans\u0131 olarak da bilinir. Ancak Komulainen'e g\u00f6re, o zamanlar spirit\u00fcalistler hen\u00fcz Finlandiya'da \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmemi\u015flerdi. Bas\u0131n, zaman zaman maneviyat\u00e7\u0131 olarak kabul edilen fenomenleri bildirdi. P\u00f6yt\u00e4tanssi Finlandiya'da marjinal bir fenomen de\u011fildi, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bas\u0131n bir keresinde kolera salg\u0131n\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131 ve yayg\u0131nd\u0131. Masan\u0131n dans\u0131n\u0131n hem k\u0131rsal hem de kentsel alanlarda yeri vard\u0131. Spirit\u00fcalizm sadece bir felsefe ve din de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda o zamanlar bir bilim adam\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc veya alg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya y\u00f6nelik bir giri\u015fimdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ama\u00e7, medyumluk arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bile insan ruhunun \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc test etmek veya g\u00f6stermekti. Ortamlar, ya\u015fayanlarla \u00f6l\u00fcler aras\u0131nda arac\u0131 olarak hareket ediyordu. Spirit\u00fcalistler, \u00f6lenler hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi vererek medyumlar\u0131n ruh d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k olduklar\u0131na inan\u0131yorlard\u0131. Medyumlar\u0131n bilmemesi ya da bilmemesi gereken \u015feylerdi. Bilgi mutlaka telepatik, yani d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce aktar\u0131m\u0131 yoluyla a\u00e7\u0131klanamazd\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Historia del espiritismo en Finlandia Las historias sobre fantasmas o sucesos sobrenaturales tambi\u00e9n forman parte del folclore y la tradici\u00f3n narrativa finlandeses. Las historias sobre cosas fantasmales siempre se han contado de una forma culturalmente espec\u00edfica. Entre ellas figuran apariciones de muertos, cruces en el cielo, golpes, traqueteos y apariciones angelicales. Estas apariciones se describ\u00edan […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5456","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nHistoria del espiritismo en Finlandia - Uni\u00f3n Esp\u00edrita<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nuevo-renacer.com\/tr\/historia-del-espiritismo-en-finlandia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Historia del espiritismo en Finlandia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Historia del espiritismo en Finlandia Las historias sobre fantasmas o sucesos sobrenaturales tambi\u00e9n forman parte del folclore y la tradici\u00f3n narrativa finlandeses. Las historias sobre cosas fantasmales siempre se han contado de una forma culturalmente espec\u00edfica. Entre ellas figuran apariciones de muertos, cruces en el cielo, golpes, traqueteos y apariciones angelicales. 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